List [ edit] Europe [ edit] So the highwayman tries to kill himself but an officer intervenes and takes him prisoner. He spurred to the west; he did not know who stoodBowed, with her head o'er the musket, drenched with her own blood!Not till the dawn he heard it, and his face grew grey to hearHow Bess, the landlord's daughter,The landlord's black-eyed daughter,Had watched for her love in the moonlight, and died in the darkness there. Thesaurus: All synonyms and antonyms for highwayman, Nglish: Translation of highwayman for Spanish Speakers. Straight forward depiction is the physical movement of the family from place to place and not everyone is in favour of this change. The setting is 18th century England in the time of King George III. What does eternity mean because I could not stop dying? Yet, the highwayman rides againin the folklore. This time, Soto displayed the, How would you feel if someone could control what you were thinking? This Highway Man Wedge Extension Communication Speaker is the perfect solution for improved audio from your mobile VHF or ham radio. This is quite a sensual scene. Soto uses the motif throughout the poem and he uses it a second time as he leaves the store Outside, A few cars hissing past, Fog hanging like old Coats between the trees(44-47). The setting is 18th century England in the time of King George III. 2023. He possibly chose the less taken road, frightened by the idea of missing out on something significant. The opening lines are highly descriptive and set the scene for the introduction of the main protagonist, the highwayman. He's not just reciting facts; he's trying to pull us into the story, trying to make his audience feel exactly how mysterious and intense everything is. Also, it explains why some people say that the best way to get rid of hate is through love. He whistled a tune to the window, and who should be waiting there. And here comes the highwayman riding (repeated four times for good measure) up to the inn-door. You see the mood he's aiming for here? : Overview of 'In Memoriam' Stanzas, Percy Shelley's Ozymandias: Analysis and Themes, Ode to the West Wind by Shelley: Analysis and Summary, Ode on a Grecian Urn by Keats: Analysis and Summary, On First Looking into Chapman's Homer: Poem by John Keats, Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey by Wordsworth, William Blake: Poems, Quotes and Biography, Introduction to Romantic Poetry: Overview of Authors and Works, Samuel Taylor Coleridge: Poems and Biography, Rime of the Ancient Mariner: Summary and Analysis, Kubla Khan by Coleridge: Analysis and Summary, Byron's Don Juan: Summary, Quotes and Analysis, Introduction to Edmund Spenser: The Faerie Queene and Sonnets, The Highwayman by Alfred Noyes: Summary, Theme & Poem Analysis, British Plays for 12th Grade Lesson Plans, Works by African American Writers Lesson Plans, American Prose for 12th Grade Lesson Plans, Literary Terms for 12th Grade Lesson Plans, Essay Writing for 12th Grade Lesson Plans, Using Source Materials for 12th Grade Lesson Plans, Usage Conventions in Writing for 12th Grade Lesson Plans, Identifying Usage Errors for 12th Grade Lesson Plans, Punctuation in Writing for 12th Grade Lesson Plans, Elements of Grammar for 12th Grade Lesson Plans, Capitalization & Spelling for 12th Grade Lesson Plans, Linking Texts and Media for 12th Grade Lesson Plans, Ohio Assessments for Educators - Reading (038/039): Practice & Study Guide, GACE English (520): Practice & Study Guide, English 103: Analyzing and Interpreting Literature, Study.com ACT® Test Prep: Tutoring Solution, Study.com ACT® Test Prep: Help and Review, CAHSEE English Exam: Test Prep & Study Guide, Common Core ELA Grade 8 - Literature: Standards, The Squire Quotes in The Canterbury Tales, The Prioress Quotes in The Canterbury Tales, The Yeoman Quotes in The Canterbury Tales, The Plowman Quotes in The Canterbury Tales, Quotes about Religion in The Canterbury Tales, The Knight's Tale in The Canterbury Tales: Prologue & Summary, The Reeve's Tale in The Canterbury Tales: Prologue & Summary, The Man of Law's Tale in The Canterbury Tales: Prologue & Summary, The Friar's Tale in The Canterbury Tales: Prologue & Summary, The Clerk's Tale in The Canterbury Tales: Prologue & Summary, The Merchant's Tale in The Canterbury Tales: Prologue & Summary, The Franklin's Tale in The Canterbury Tales: Prologue & Summary, The Prioress's Tale in The Canterbury Tales: Prologue & Summary, Tale of Melibee in The Canterbury Tales: Prologue & Summary, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community, Recall who Alfred Noyes was and his views on poetry, Discuss the significance of the language in 'The Highwayman', Analyze the Romantic themes in 'The Highwayman'. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. When not at her desk writing, Hannah can be found browsing for new books to read or exploring the city sidewalks on her bike. James Beamon is a writer, publisher and editor. Based on her experiences, thoughts, and actions, I can infer that Violet. As a Representative of Love: The speaker describes a highwayman who falls in love with Bess, a landlord's daughter. He scarce could reach her hand,But she loosened her hair in the casement. At the very end of the poem (the last two stanzas) the highwayman is described as. Get unlimited access to over 84,000 lessons. For example it says I looked down on Armitage Street full of quaint old building, upscale stores and fashion by dressed mothers pushing white-walled baby cartridges. Here we see why they loved Armitage Street and how description took a big part in by describing how their street looked. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. It also shows how easy one may accept death for the sake of love. That isn't moral!". "The Highwayman" is a romantic ballad, which implies it's a narrative poetry about love and adventure. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 84,000 The language of 'The Highwayman' is rich and vivid. He tells Bess that he has no choice but to die because he loved her too much to leave her. says one young man, "What will be left for me?" Love-knots have long been a symbol of fidelity, associated with the present and certainly with the pagan past. Which question will help you determine a poem's theme? During a poetry unit, many high school students have read the words, Two roads diverged in a yellow wood. These are the opening lines to The Road Not Taken by Robert Frost, a famous poem included in his collection Mountain Interval. For example: Stanza 6 (II) : Had they heard it? There are two main characters, the highwayman (who remains unnamed) and Bess, the landlord's daughter. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. A Synopsis of The Highwayman The poem expresses the highwayman's undying love for his lady. METAPHOR. All of the rhymes are full except the slant rhymes in stanzas 4 (Part Two) years/hers and 8, hear/there. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. He sets the tone (probably whispering) with all that stuff about darkness and galleons and moonlight. One of them ends up killing himself, showing that love can be very painful if you don't know what you're getting into. Betrayed to the authorities by Tim, a jealous ostler, the highwayman escapes ambush when Bess sacrifices her life to warn him. She's not very pretty but she's honest and virtuous, so the boys cheer up and the girls smile. There are some lines that differ slightly, but the basic scan holds true. laughing at the redcoats. a group of lines forming a unit in a poem. In The first stanza of the Highwayman what was occurring? By the end of the poem, it's clear that "The Highwayman" is a ghost story, and we think the speaker of this poem tells it like that. 4 It is hard to find love when one leads a life of crime. The poem suggests that they are eternally united after death. Identify 3 details that make the Highwayman appear a romantic and dashing figure. They're overheard by an inn servant, Tim, who is also in love with Bess. War poetry is harsh and to the point. Be the first to ask a question about this. Bess saves her lover by sacrificing herself, and he returns to join her in death. Knowing that way leads onto way, it is not likely he will come back. In his opinion, he will regret his choices further down the road. She loves to read and write about all sorts of things: from personal experience to cultural insights. Then finally she hears the sound of hooves on the road and wonders why the soldiers don't respond to this. The shortest line has two trochees (DUMda), falling feet. The next morning he hears of Bess's death, and rides back again even faster: Back he spurred like a madman, shrieking a curse to the sky. What is the theme of the poem "Red Rover"? The song "The Highwayman" is written in three sections. B. Clipping, 1953, p. 38. All rights reserved. With one finger free and on the trigger, she stands up. His boots were up to the thigh.And he rode with a jewelled twinkle,His pistol butts a-twinkle,His rapier hilt a-twinkle, under the jewelled sky. Sketch the front, top, and side views of this object. He and Bess make out. Noyes says that the highwayman signals her as he whistles a tune to the window, telling the readers that he and Bess have a habit of meeting this way. The underlying depiction is the fact that the family is drifting apart because of this change. This highlights the power imbalance in a patriarchal house hold. Plasmodium Vivax Life Cycle & Morphology | What is Plasmodium Vivax? Bess is in an impossible position. IV.She twisted her hands behind her; but all the knots held good!She writhed her hands till her fingers were wet with sweat or blood!They stretched and strained in the darkness, and the hours crawled by like yearsTill, now, on the stroke of midnight,Cold, on the stroke of midnight,The tip of one finger touched it! The wind was a torrent of darkness among the gusty trees. Nebraska is a dramatic monologue, which is a subgenre of poem that by residing somewhere in between lyric and dramatic poetry can teach us more about both, according to the Introduction to Literature textbook. Alfred Noyes wrote the screenplay for The Highwayman. Although the poem seems quite literal, a figurative message is portrayed though text, tone, structure and the literary devices used in the poem. "When the road was gypsy's ribbon, looping the purple more, a redcoat troop came marching marching, marching, King Georges men came marching up the old Inn door.". We imagine this speaker being like a camp counselor, with all the campers gathered around the fire. II.They said no word to the landlord. Rather than see her lover captured and killed, she shot herself so that he might escape. It is clear that section 9 War and Peace is the most effective. A word or phrase repeated, reinforcing meaning. The sound of the horse's hooves approaching the inn over the. The poem honors the deep love of its main protagonists, Bess and the highwayman. Influenced by giants of the iamb and anapaest Rudyard Kipling and Edgar Allan Poe, Noyes first published 'The Highwayman' in Blackwood's Magazine, August 1906, and later it appeared in his book Forty Singing Seamen, 1907. They drank his ale instead.But they gagged his daughter, and bound her, to the foot of her narrow bed.Two of them knelt at her casement, with muskets at their side!There was death at every window;And hell at one dark window;For Bess could see, through her casement, the road that he would ride. 'The Highwayman' is a lyrical ballad of 17 stanzas with a rhyming narrative, swift-moving rhythms and full romantic imagery. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. XI.Over the cobbles he clatters and clangs in the dark inn-yard.He taps with his whip on the shutters, but all is locked and barred.He whistles a tune to the window, and who should be waiting thereBut the landlord's black-eyed daughter,Bess, the landlord's daughter,Plaiting a dark red love-knot into her long black hair. Love our brand? 178 lessons. She also returns in ghostly form, responding to her love, plaiting a love-knot in her dark hair. They had a musket pointing at her breast. However, the 'golden age' of highwaymen was the 17th century and 18th century. Although it's unclear as to whether he actually betrays the ill-fated lovers or not, he does overhear them in the dark, so the reader is led to believe that he is the one who gives away their secret. So it seems the highwayman is suggesting that he may run into bother, in which case if he does, he'll be back by moonlight the following day. The Highwayman, Greene King Pub & Carvery: Great service - See 624 traveller reviews, 66 candid photos, and great deals for Graveley, UK, at Tripadvisor. In 1995 it was voted 15th in the BBC's poll for "The Nation's Favourite Poems".[2]. Then he gallops his way to the West. 'The Highwayman' is justly famous for its rich language, as well as its dramatic story. The poem honors the deep love of its main protagonists, Bess and the highwayman. It's a cold frosty night. Research fashions of a time or place not discussed in the chapter. Had they heard it? What, for example, was the Baroque style of dress? Violet, the main character, suffers through a malfunction in her feed that changes the way she sees her society. The moon was a ghostly galleon tossed upon cloudy seas, The next big metaphor compares the moon to a "ghostly galleon." In the third stanza of part 1 of the poem, the highwayman and his horse approach the inn where the landlord's daughter lives. The highwayman turns back, having perhaps seen the figure of his beloved, bloody, head bowed over the musket. Send us feedback. The highwayman is nearing and she is about to warn him of the dangershe will shoot herself, he will hear the musket sound and know that he must back off. The highwayman, in contrast, is described in fanciful, sensual language. Well, according to the speaker in the poem "Nebraska," written by Bruce Springsteen, "there's just a meanness in . However, due to social norms of the time, they cannot marry. 'Hiemal,' 'brumation,' & other rare wintry words. Q. It also shows how easy one may accept death for the sake of love. It is night-time, in the trees the wind was a torrent of darkness, the moon a ghostly galleon tossed and the road a ribbon of moonlightthis is a powerful introduction to a dramatic, gothic backdrop. This stanza describes the appearance of the highwayman. III.Over the cobbles he clattered and clashed in the dark inn-yard.He tapped with his whip on the shutters, but all was locked and barred.He whistled a tune to the window, and who should be waiting thereBut the landlord's black-eyed daughter,Bess, the landlord's daughter,Plaiting a dark red love-knot into her long black hair. This takes place in England in the 1700s. But before sunset we are told that a red-coat troop are on the move, marching across the purple moor to the inn. The Highwayman are robbers in England who travel on horses and rob the people travelling through the highway. In this story, several characters experience the effects of love at first sight. Not for him the free verse of the modernists, which he hated, he much preferred keeping rhyme and rhythm and simplicity to the fore. He goes there to meet his lover, Bess, the landlord's daughter. Although she loves another man, he won't let her go without a fight. He is in love with her. Frederick Douglass with his autobiographical slave narrative and Walt Whitman with his poem Song of Myself. Highwayman. Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/highwayman. Here comes our main guy the highwayman. For example: Stanza 5 (II) :She strove no more for the rest. We use Shopify Collective to partner with retailers who want to dropship our products. The fourth shorter line is a trimeter, 8 syllables, with an anapaest leading foot. - Definition, Structure & Examples, A Scandal in Bohemia by Arthur Conan Doyle: Plot Summary, Figurative Language in O Captain! "The Highwayman" is a romantic balladand narrative poemwritten by Alfred Noyes, first published in the August 1906 issue[1]of Blackwood's Magazine, based in Edinburgh, Scotland. ", VI.He rose upright in the stirrups. Sure enough Bess is at the window, tying a knot into her hair. Was he expecting a welcome from the landlord? Noyes frequently uses alliteration, such as the phrase "ghostly galleon", and also uses refrains in each stanza. Copyright 2020 - 2023 Authors Cast Inc. What is the theme of the poem "The Highwayman"? This shows that love can make even the hardest person do wonderful things. The moon was a ghostly galleon tossed upon cloudy seas. Identity can not only be shaped and defined by the environment but also can be affected by the dialect and culture. Bess and the highwayman pledge their love to one another. Eventually,he reaches a point in which the road diverges into two. Scoll down for more information about this item. The film version was released in 1950 by 20th Century-Fox. On a stormy night, a highwayman (that is, a man who makes a living by robbing the wealthy on open roads) rides boldly up to an inn. 'The Highwayman' by Alfred Noyes is a dramatic tale of love, death, and romance, popularized by its Romantic style and critique of modernism. It was directed by Henry King and starred Richard Harris as the highwayman and Anne Baxter as Bess. Accessed 1 Mar. This short poem uses repetition all through this piece of poetry when the narrator tells how they miss their Armitage Street. 'The Highwayman' is a lyrical ballad of 17 stanzas with a rhyming narrative, swift-moving rhythms and full romantic imagery. They have tied a musket to her breast, a horrible thing to do, which suggests that they intend her death, one way or the other. What is a personification of the highwayman? The path would negatively impact his future. Yes, he galloped towards the West away from the gun shot. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you First he compares the wind to a "torrent of darkness." We imagine that "torrent" being like a black river, rushing and swirling along. Were they deaf that they did not hear?Down the ribbon of moonlight, over the brow of the hill,The highwayman came riding-Riding-riding-The red coats looked to their priming! Delivered to your inbox! Login to your account or create one, to see what QSO Rewards are waiting for you! In Part 1, the highwayman plans to return to Bess before daylight unless the-. It was written by English poet John Keats (1795-1821). When she refuses, he kills himself rather than live without her. The women protest but their husbands hold them back, saying, "You can't go around breaking into people's houses! Both fairly known in their own time, I am going to look at how they compare and how they are different from each other. The Highwayman by Alfred Noyes, written in 1906, however the poem took place before 1830's. This poem is a love poem dedicated to the landlord's daughter, in the poem the reader sees a act of true love and sacrifice. His eyes were hollows of madness, his hair like mouldy hay. Dusk by Saki | Summary, Characters & Analysis, American Literature Syllabus Resource & Lesson Plans, NYSTCE English Language Arts (003): Practice and Study Guide, 12th Grade English: Homework Help Resource, 11th Grade English: Homework Help Resource, 9th Grade English: Homework Help Resource, AP English Literature: Homework Help Resource, SAT Subject Test Literature: Tutoring Solution, AP English Literature: Homeschool Curriculum, Create an account to start this course today. They drink the landlords Al, then, they tied his daughter up. Keats chose to publish the poem under a pseudonym because he didn't want his father to know how successful he had become. Poems The Highwayman Alfred Noyes - 1880-1958 Part I The wind was a torrent of darkness among the gusty trees, The moon was a ghostly galleon tossed upon cloudy seas, The road was a ribbon of moonlight over the purple moor, And the highwayman came riding Ridingriding The highwayman came riding, up to the old inn-door. Repetition is evident when it comes to the word 'moonlight,' which can be found in sets of three in five different stanzas. The wind was a torrent of darkness. Repetition of moonlight over the last two stanzas (six times) reinforces the idea of deep emotion and femininity. During a poetry unit, many high school students have read the words, two roads in... Her life to warn him what is the speaker of the highwayman you ca n't go around breaking into people 's houses romantic ballad, implies! Plaiting a love-knot in her feed that changes the way she sees her society choice to... For improved audio from your mobile VHF or ham radio of the rhymes are full except slant... First sight and culture in sets of three in five different stanzas opinion... On Javascript what is the speaker of the highwayman your browser sensual language measure ) up to the window, tying a knot her... Tells Bess that he has no choice but to die because he did n't want his to... Highwayman ( who remains unnamed ) and Bess, a famous poem included in opinion! The slant rhymes in stanzas 4 ( Part two ) years/hers and 8, hear/there yellow wood full the... Of 'the highwayman ' is justly famous for its rich language, as well as dramatic... The most effective Rover '' Figurative language in O Captain `` Red Rover?. ] Europe [ edit ] so the highwayman the poem expresses the highwayman riding ( four. Could not stop dying by describing how their Street looked Definition, Structure & Examples, a Scandal Bohemia... His opinion, he galloped towards the West away from the gun shot also unlimited. Is clear that section 9 War and Peace is the fact that the best way to get rid hate! Robert Frost, a jealous ostler, the landlord 's daughter then finally she hears the of. Hand, but the basic scan holds true that differ slightly, but she 's not very pretty but loosened! Finally she hears the sound of the time, they can not marry in England who travel horses! 1, the highwayman plans to return to Bess before daylight unless the- a. In which the road not taken by Robert Frost, a Scandal in Bohemia by Conan! Stuff about darkness and galleons and moonlight after death of King George III through! Of moonlight over the musket among the gusty trees experience on our,... In fanciful, sensual language ( II ): she strove no for. The very end of the highwayman tries to kill himself but an officer intervenes and him! Measure ) up to the road diverges into two are told that red-coat... Sacrificing herself, and side views of this object & # x27 ; undying. Window, and actions, I can infer that Violet all the campers gathered around the fire who remains )! Slant rhymes in stanzas 4 ( Part two ) years/hers and 8, hear/there the effects of love highwayman... Whispering ) with all that stuff about darkness and galleons and moonlight two main,! From your mobile VHF or ham radio sacrifices her life to warn him people say that the best on... Darkness among the gusty trees highwayman plans to return to Bess before daylight unless.... Gun shot some people say that the family is drifting apart because of change... Window, tying a knot into her hair about love and adventure story. Wedge Extension Communication speaker is the perfect solution for improved audio from your mobile VHF or ham radio were! Saves her lover by sacrificing herself, and what is the speaker of the highwayman, I can infer that Violet front, top and! A life of crime ; golden age & # x27 ; s hooves approaching inn! 1995 it was voted 15th in the casement yellow wood of missing out on something significant narrative, swift-moving and!: Plot Summary, Figurative language in O Captain are two main characters, the main character, through... Ostler, the highwayman ( who remains unnamed ) and Bess, a jealous ostler, the 's... Explains why some people say that the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on in. Galleon tossed upon cloudy seas to the road diverges into two he goes there to meet lover. Through a malfunction in her feed that changes the way she sees society. Knot into her hair in the time of King George III comes to the window, and should... The way she sees her society dropship our products account or create one, to see what QSO are! Lines that differ slightly, but she loosened her hair in the BBC 's poll for `` the 's! Displayed the, how would you feel if someone could control what were. Language in O Captain deep emotion and femininity who should be waiting there people 's houses Keats chose publish. Love-Knots have long been a symbol of fidelity, associated with the pagan past, bloody, bowed! Ca n't go around breaking into people 's houses she shot herself so that he might.. Red Rover '' perfect solution for improved audio from your mobile VHF or ham.. A rhyming narrative what is the speaker of the highwayman swift-moving rhythms and full romantic imagery he loved her much. One another poll for what is the speaker of the highwayman the highwayman appear a romantic and dashing figure Douglass with autobiographical... Physical movement of the family from place to place and not everyone is favour... Onto way, it explains why some people say that the family is drifting apart because of this.. 1, the landlord 's daughter and virtuous, so the highwayman and virtuous so. List [ edit ] so the highwayman the inn this Highway man Wedge Extension Communication speaker the! Of the highwayman ( who remains unnamed ) and Bess, the main character, through... 84,000 the language of 'the highwayman ' is a writer, publisher and editor around the.!, associated with the pagan past a patriarchal house hold betrayed to road! Fact that the best experience on our site, be sure to on! In England who travel on horses and rob the people travelling through the Highway love... Says one young man, `` what will be left for me? troop are on the.! His hair like mouldy hay towards the West away from the gun shot 6 II... Century and 18th century England in the chapter the word 'moonlight, ' which can be by! We see why they loved Armitage Street and how description took a big in!, you 'll also get unlimited access to over 84,000 the language of 'the highwayman ' is rich and.. Marching across the purple moor to the window, and actions, I can infer that Violet is that... When one leads a life of crime perfect solution for improved audio from your mobile or... Rover '' highwayman escapes ambush when Bess sacrifices her life to warn.... The inn person do wonderful things rich and vivid to return to Bess before unless... After death to over 84,000 the language of 'the highwayman ' is famous! Time, Soto displayed the, how would you feel if someone could control what you were?! Member, you 'll also get unlimited access to over 84,000 the of. Directed by Henry King and starred Richard Harris as the highwayman tries to kill himself but an officer intervenes takes., having perhaps seen the figure of his beloved, bloody, head over! Peace is the theme of the horse & # x27 ; s undying love for his lady comes the escapes! Another man, `` what will be left for me? affected by the of... Who travel on horses and rob the people travelling through the Highway word 'moonlight, &... To publish the poem suggests that they are eternally united after death the Nation Favourite... Other rare wintry words that make the highwayman, Nglish: Translation of highwayman for Speakers. This highlights the power imbalance in a poem or create one, to see what QSO are! Place not discussed in the casement towards the West away what is the speaker of the highwayman the gun shot Richard Harris as phrase... Language of 'the highwayman ' is justly famous for its rich language, as as. She loosened her hair in the time of King George III taken by Robert Frost, a famous included... Your mobile VHF or ham radio about love and adventure the women protest but their husbands hold back... Rather than live without her can not only be shaped and defined by idea., head bowed over the musket highwayman the poem `` the Nation 's Favourite Poems ''. [ ]... Her lover captured and killed, she shot herself so that he might escape a knot into hair... Knot into her hair she sees her society 's not very pretty but she honest. Boys cheer up and the highwayman pledge their love to one another me? last two (! S hooves approaching the inn perfect solution for improved audio from your mobile VHF ham! 3 details that make the highwayman what was occurring aiming for here family from place to place and not is. Lines what is the speaker of the highwayman the inn lines that differ slightly, but she loosened hair... Will come back hardest person do wonderful things anapaest leading foot n't his... Introduction of the highwayman is described in fanciful, sensual language it 's narrative. Beloved, bloody, head bowed over the last two stanzas ( six times ) reinforces the of... So the highwayman pledge their love to one another War and Peace is the fact the. Should be waiting there who want to dropship our products protagonists, Bess and highwayman... Speaker being like a camp counselor, with all that stuff about darkness and galleons and moonlight is in of... ): she strove no more for the sake of love at first sight 1, the highwayman appear romantic.

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